Summary: ? Say ⒂ of toad of charm of Kang of core of of lung of arm does not have to read garden of ⒅ of an ancient wine vessel made of horn of Su of of Cheng of fragrant Zou of of ⒉ of Ge of Cong of of Kou Da illuminate exorcise of stew of ⒖ of of Qiong of of border of settleclear of fat of kang of Liao of small line instruct makes an appointment with Bai Jifei dizzy . If current and state-owned proprietor of an enterprise comes according to experience beforehand appraise, accuracy is poor. The junior travel that must decide in product workmanship to the computation of product cost, fast sex is poor. Quote quickly cost of give attention to two or morethings of systematic criterion do one's best beforehand the accuracy of appraise and fast sex. Machine tool product is one of complex products in production industry, the system of quick quoted price that is aimed at it has active meaning and economic value, but have the difficulty that comparative. The reason is structure of machine tool product performance demand diversity, production system is complex, complex reach production process random. The article used cost integratedly beforehand the instinctive law of appraise, logical way, parameter law, analysis law, have the structure of machine tool product and cost decomposing mixing integrated, build the relation model of machine tool function and cost, offerred the principle of a system of whole machine tool quote and means thereby, it is with horizontal machining center exemple undertook demonstrative. The fundamental of 1 system and methodological cost beforehand what the key that appraise method quotes to the product depends on pair of product cost is accurate forecast. Cost beforehand appraise has the following kinds of main methods. The experience that instinctive law is based on tipster undertakes beforehand appraise, beforehand the accuracy of appraise result also depends on beforehand appraise person knowledge. Logical way pushs the cost that knows similar system by the cost of foregone system. Parameter law basis the characteristic parameter of the product beforehand appraise cost, characteristic parameter often is the not complete description to item characteristics. Analytic law decomposes the task for a series of main task arrives beforehand appraise product cost. In be applied actually, use some kind of onefold method to often cannot obtain very good result, the characteristic that needs to be based on example combines a variety of methods to undertake be applyinged integratedly. Use cost beforehand appraise method undertakes quick quoted price uses machine tool product parameter law builds product of machine tool of property cost model to quote input information of the system is an user quickly the structural performance demand to machine tool product, exporting information is the cost of the product and price, accordingly, must establish the relationship between feature of product structure function and cost. The structural function feature of the machine tool is described with performance data. Performance data is the not complete description of features of pair of product structure function. This anthology builds the relation model of product performance data and cost with parameter law. Apply analytic law to undertake cost unit decomposes a law of commonly used parameter to build cost beforehand appraise model be confined to 2 ～ 5 parameter, and the amount of parameter of machine tool character exceeds this limitation greatly, because this cannot use parameter method directly. Use analytic method to machine tool product. On the structure, machine tool product has dissociable character. The product is dissoluble be combined for working procedure of each component by general assembly and become, the component is dissoluble install working procedure to combine for ministries of each spare parts by and become, spare parts by certain material, by machines working procedure each and become. On function, the function of the product is assured by the precision of component function and general assembly working procedure, with this but analogize. On cost composition, the cost of the product is dissoluble also the cost of the cost that is each component and general assembly working procedure, with this but analogize. The substance that the article will have certain property feature and cost or mobile definition are cost unit, product, component, spare parts, working procedure is cost unit. Analyse by above knowable, cost unit can undertake decomposing, know beyond the mark solution, the characteristic parameter amount of cost unit will decrease, law of final and usable parameter builds the relation model of characteristic parameter and cost. The cost unit that parameter law can use to build cost model after the article will be decomposed calls unit of the smallest cost. Apply instinctive law to choose main part to analyse law and parameter law to make the system builds product function and cost relation model to be in theoretic become feasible, but actually, cost unit decomposes what will produce a large number of different sort child unit. And the cost unit of different sort has different performance data, its cost model also will differ. To all becoming notebook unit one by one builds cost model to will mean tremendous workload, this is unworkable in effective system. Because the product decomposes the spare parts with many generation,the grow in quantity that becomes notebook unit measure basically is. The function of the machine tool basically depends on among them certain main part, at the same time the majority of machine tool cost also is expended go up in these main parts. Accordingly, the system can put the emphasis of research on these main parts, build the cost model of these spare partses. The choice of main part should rely on the long-term experience of machine tool industry, obtain through instinctive law namely. The choice of main part will affect the rationality of quote system and accuracy directly. Use logistic method computative product cost got main part cost, still must cost of farther estimation machine tool. Of machine tool cost form very complex. The production cost that includes a product not only (wait like cost of material, direct salary, production charge) make cost with all sorts of blame (wait for) like cost of sales, overhead expenses, financial cost, return expenses of the design that should include a product, development. Should point out, below the condition that the in-house environment that making a system and exterior market environment stabilize basically, the composition of each cost also will carry the product basically stable. Accordingly, can use logistic method, the cost that has a product with the enterprise comprises the cost composition of computative new product, final estimation gives new product cost. The product quotes systematic fundamental reachs a method quickly. The property that relation of cost of performance of unit of 2 the smallest cost builds a model to build unit of the smallest cost -- cost model, it is machine tool product one of crucial technologies of system of quick quoted price. The choice of performance data uses analytic method to machine tool product, the product function that can input from the user asks to push the function that tells unit of the smallest cost to ask. The performance of unit of the smallest cost is described by performance data. To satisfy the requirement that builds a model with parameter law, unit performance data cannot exceed 2 ～ 5. And to the substance in manufacturing industry or activity, want complete description requirement of feature of its size, appearance, precision and dynamic performance demand, this is insufficient. Accordingly, must choose relevant performance data, have not complete description to unit function. The choice of performance data often should rely on much experience, obtain through instinctive law namely. The dependability that the rationality that performance data chooses is concerning to quote the system is outputted directly and accuracy. The parameter that should choose pair of product functions and unit cost to have an effect most regards cost as unit performance data. Is the article right of unit performance data choose put forward: of the following principle? ∪ < the cost of material that insane of Wei of grave of of ピ of Hui Ji string asks? large size part has very large proportion. Its norms parameter affects cost of material directly, also affect the producibility of the spare parts greatly at the same time. The precision parameter high accuracy that chooses high accuracy unit treatment cost has very large proportion. To the high accuracy spare parts of common standards, its norms parameter often is opposite the impact of cost is not big, and the technique that precision parameter will affect a part directly, influence treatment facilities, measure tool and the percent defective of production process to wait, it is the element that the Ji Jimin that affects cost feels. The dynamic performance data that chooses drive unit is unit to transmission, its trends performance data affects the choice of material, and unit precision parameter often is decide by dynamic parameter place. Accordingly, should choose dynamic performance data, is not precision parameter. The assembly that dynamic performance data still will affect unit and debug a process, these cost have very large proportion in unit cost. The method building a model of the choice unit performance data of the method that build a model and cost relation is not only. According to the information that the amount of performance data and system can provide differ somewhat. The article puts forward to be able to offer the means building a model of the choice below, gave out the applicable condition of every kinds of method and its actor defect. The curve drafts lawful -- the progressive die that is based on data [2, 3] curve drafts is in the system the circumstance of the unit performance data of foregone and certain amount and cost data falls legally, undertake planning to close to datum foothold with certain curve, reach thereby successive performance data and cost curve. Use exponential curve, reciprocal curve, polynomial curve and batten curve to undertake planning to close normally. Apply a curve to plan to ask unit performance data cannot exceed two to go to 3 legally, and the system must master certain data. The curve drafts lawful relatively simple, intuitionistic, but plan to add up to what curvilinear place brings to degrade the error will be inevitable. The size of the error depends on the accuracy of data and concentrated degree. Monte Carlo law -- numerical value emulates the law of statistical model Monte Carlo below to apply to the complex unit with parameter more amount. Requirement system offers those who make unit cost to emulate a model. Amount of computation of Monte Carlo law is large, taller to requirement of systematic hardware environment, but the problem building a model that solves complex cost unit effectively. When this method is studying cost is analysed to the sensitivity of each performance data very effective. Classify numeration -- the section model that is based on mechanical design standard and craft quota level to certain unit, apply mechanical design standard to be able to get the data with more complete unit, structure and typical technique from performance data, apply craft quota level to be able to get the man-hour norm that machines working procedure. Apply above standard, unit performance data is in inside certain limits when change, its performance data and cost concern contented and certain proportion. Because this can build the performance data of section and cost model. Classified numeration reachs the general part of typical craft, standard component to existence series of standard, wait like gear, guide screw relatively applicable. 3 example -- , cost of horizontal machining center beforehand appraise 60 time develop manufactory of some machine tool manufacturing horizontal boring machine, basically produce horizontal machining center later. Through old practice, accumulated a large number of experience in products plan, workmanship and business management respect, formed oneself characteristic. The article regards research as setting with this factory, serve as systematic tie namely, the product of series of horizontal machining center that produces with this plant institute is exemple, the moving principle of system of quick quoted price mixes product of demonstrative machine tool method. Product function describes systematic input to should be an user ask to the function of the product. To horizontal machining center, include the following performance data: X, journey of Y, Z moves quickly area of workbench of speed, feed speed, allow to bearing precision of fixed position of power of electromotor of limits of main shaft rotate speed, main shaft, repeat fixed position precision to change storage capacity of knife time, knife to measure cost unit to decompose pair of horizontal machining center to undertake the structure is decomposed. Of model of cost of cost unit performance build below the lathe bed before main part is a specification in lathe bed component before of model of cost of unit of the smallest cost build. If the analyse of identity of the bed before selecting pair of main parts of performance data is expressed 1. Express cost of spare parts of 1 lathe bed and type of functional element analysis to analyse cost factor to analyse functional element to analyse lathe bed to attribute large part, should choose material of norms parameter lathe bed and cost of working procedure of its heat treatment very tall, its cost basically is concerned with spare parts weight, reach configuration finally with spare parts length relevant. Lathe bed attributes bearing part. Its length accepts size of machine tool workbench and journey length obligation. Lathe bed slideway belongs to feature of high accuracy spare parts, the finished cost that should choose side of slideway of precision parameter lathe bed is higher. The machines craft and man-hour norm and slideway face precision of slideway face asks to concern. Machine equipment choose concern with hardware standards. Precision of lathe bed slideway is to assure precision of machine tool fixed position and the main factor that repeat fixed position precision. By above analysis, the overall length L of spare parts of the lathe bed before choosing and D of slideway face linearity are this performance data of main part. Express the 2 spare partses that are based on performance data to classify L>2500mmL ≤ 2500mmd<0. 008mm/1000mmK1LK2Ld ≥ 0.
Of model of cost of 008mm/1000mmK3LK4L performance data build spare parts cost and technology of spare parts treatment closely related. And to specific company, its machine craft to suffer the effect of the element such as level of its plant layout, technology, traditional habit. To the company that this exemple place studies, its lathe bed craft of the choice of material, treatment and treatment facilities basis lathe bed norms and precision demand will decide, after craft route is certain, the cost of the spare parts and its norms show direct proportion concern. Accordingly, choose taxonomy to build property cost model. Undertake classified to the spare parts according to performance data, in congener spare parts, with plan to join function and cost concern point-blank. If specific classification is expressed 2. The lathe bed before existing to the enterprise machine tool performance data and cost undertake survey, if the L that gets M6 of ～ of M1 of 6 machine tools, D and cost C data are expressed 3. Express 3 hardwares performance data and cost data L(mm)d(mm/mm)C(yuan) M131400.
006/100046507M230000.
006/100040281M325000.
006/100025427M421500.
006/100020986M527000.
01/100031239M617200.
01/100013067 computation gets K1=14.
12, k2=9.
97, k3=11.
57, k4=7.
60. Of product cost have machine tool data integratedly by the enterprise computative, before in lathe bed component, place of the lathe bed before main part holds cost proportion for 87.
2% . Beforehand appraise cost of some machine tool, put forward function to ask to reach the performance data of the lathe bed before be opposite is L=2300mm by the user, d=0.
01mm/1000mm. By on cost of spare parts of the lathe bed before division model reachs is K4L=17480 yuan, cost of lathe bed component is 20045 yuan before. Component of other of the computation that be the same as manage and assemble process cost, reckon the machine tool always makes cost be 658920 yuan finally. According to experience beforehand cost of appraise machine tool is 800 thousand yuan. Error of machine tool design is 30.
13% , system of quick quoted price beforehand appraise error is 7.
19% . The article offerred 4 last words the fundamental of system of quick quoted price mixes the machine tool method. The dissociable sex that is based on machine tool product to go up in the structure, and congener product is in what go up with treatment method on the structure but analogy sex, use cost integratedly beforehand the instinctive law in appraise, logical way, parameter law and analytic law, had machine tool structure and cost decomposing mixing integrated, built the relation model of machine tool function and cost, come true to ask to be an input with user function thereby, external inside production system environment restrains the product below to quote. The article offers quote system is to be in after the user puts forward function to ask, prompt reply gives product value, its are fast the largest dominant position that the gender is a system. Systematic accuracy depends on systematic data is mixed whether adequately accurate, and of main part choose. To raise systematic accuracy, can choose more main part to undertake an analysis, and input more data in order to raise the accuracy with property cost model and product integrated cost, but will increase systematic computation time accordingly, lower systematic response rate. Applied product quotes quickly system, except can make enterprise policymaker makes quick response to all sorts of demand of the user, the cost that also is helpful for a policymaker understanding a product is formed reach its each sensitive element, strengthen product cost control thereby. Systematic research has positive economic value. CNC Milling
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