The good performance photograph cutting tool matrix and coating material combines coating of 1 foreword cutting tool, retained the tenacity with good matrix and higher strength already, have the tall hardness of coating, tall wearability and low coefficient of friction again, make the cutting function of cutting tool rises greatly thereby. Since horniness coating cutting tool comes out, deposit of chemical gas phase (CVD) technology and deposit of physical gas phase (PVD) technology gets developing in succession, technology of cutting tool coating obtained flying development, coating craft is more and more mature. The coating bit that western country uses is occupied but the scale of dislocation razor blade already by the 26% 1978, the 50% ～ that increase to 1985 60% . Place of machine tool of new-style numerical control uses cutting there is 80% to control use coating cutting tool in cutting tool, swedish hill is special Kennajin belongs to Wei Ke company and United States the scale of the coating razor blade of the company already amounted to 80% ～ 85% above. The scale that bit of coating hard alloy uses on machine tool of American numerical control is 80% . Sweden and German turning already occupied 70% above with coating razor blade. In total output is being manufactured with razor blade of pottery and porcelain in Japanese hard alloy, place of coating razor blade occupies scale to exceed 40 % . Coating cutting tool will be henceforth the breed of main cutting tool in machining domain, also be direction of a of cutting tool technology significant progress. The sort of 2 coating cutting tool differs according to coating method, coating cutting tool can be divided for deposit of chemical gas phase (CVD) coating cutting tool and deposit of physical gas phase (PVD) coating cutting tool. Cutting tool of coating hard alloy uses CVD) method commonly, deposit temperature is controlled in 1000 ℃ . Cutting tool of coating high-speed steel uses PVD method commonly, deposit temperature is controlled in 500 ℃ . According to base material of coating cutting tool different, coating cutting tool can be divided for cutting tool of cutting tool of hard alloy coating, high-speed steel coating, and mix in pottery and porcelain exceed hard data (diamond and cubic nitrogen change boron) the coating cutting tool that go up. Only coat much coating (transfer among the belt layer) much coating (accept rice structure) gradient coating exceeds hard coating soft / hard compound coating pursues the coating structure basis of 1 model the property of coating material, coating cutting tool can be divided again it is two kinds big, namely: "Hard " coating cutting tool and " soft " coating cutting tool. "Hard " the hardness with tall pursuit of coating cutting tool and wearability. The material of cutting tool hard coating with at present most application has TiC, TIN, TiC(N) , Al2O3 and TiAlN to wait reach its to combine. "Soft " coating cutting tool goes after low coefficient of friction, the coefficient of friction with workpiece material is very low, can reduce felt, ease friction, drop cutting force and cutting temperature. "Soft " material of coating cutting tool basically has MO S2, WS2, TaS2 to wait reach its to combine. Coating means has: Only coat, much coating, gradient coating, soft / layer of Mi Tu of hard compound coating, accept, exceed hard filmy coating to wait, if pursue,1 is shown. 3 " soft " the development of coating cutting tool and application " soft " the coating material of coating cutting tool and its action mechanism are current, "Hard " technology of coating cutting tool has matured gradually, application is most wide. However, alloy of a lot of high strenth aluminium alloy that industry of such as aerospace uses, admire or precious metal material unwell and operable " hard " treatment of coating cutting tool, basically still use the high-speed steel that does not have coating or hard alloy cutting tool. "Soft " the development of coating cutting tool criterion but the treatment problem that better land solves this kind of material. Cutting tool " soft " the bases of coating lubricates to have the solid body of low coefficient of friction material, be like: MoS2, WS2, BN, CaF2 and T AS2, good tribology character is had below special use condition, be like: Coefficient of friction is low, bear the weight of tall, high temperature leaves the limit chemical stability sex of good, content changes the small, working temperature limits that can get used to 1200 ℃ above and range of very wide speed of attrition deputy motion, comfortable use at be below the special ambient conditions such as high temperature, high speed and big load. Coating can form solid lubricating film in cutting tool surface, make cutting tool material has very low coefficient of friction thereby. Because have the solid lubricant of layer shape structure and attrition surface to have stronger felt capacity, and each have inferior shear strength between the layer, in cutting process, the solid lubricating film of surface of consist in cutting tool can change workpiece material face, form move film, make the attrition in cutting process happens between move film and lubricating film, in interior of solid lubricating film, can achieve thereby reduce attrition, prevent felt, drop cutting force and cutting temperature, reduce goal of cutting tool tatty. Watch 1 MoS2/Ti " soft " the accommodation of coating cutting tool machines 250mm/min of ～ of V=150 of turning of result of means cutting condition, fz=0. 125 ～ 0.
315mm/r, ap=1.
5 ～ 2.
5mm, intermittent turning is appropriate V>150m/min, fz=0.
125 ～ 0.
315mm/r, ap=1.
5 ～ 2.
5mm, successive turning is improper milling V<250m/min, fz=0.
25mm/r Ap=1.
5mm appropriate V>250m/min, fz=0.
25mm/r Ap=1.
5mm is improper 2.
"Soft " the research such as the applied effect Renevier of coating cutting tool makes clear: MoS2/Ti " soft " coating cutting tool does not suit turning of successive high speed, because the high temperature of generation of turning of successive high speed often can bring about MoS2/Ti coating to produce serious oxidation to wear away,this is; When low speed milling, moS2/Ti " soft " the life of coating cutting tool is compared not coating cutting tool is tall 1.
5 ～ 2 times. As a whole, moS2/Ti " soft " coating cutting tool agrees with low speed interrupted cutting, if express,1 is shown. Graph 2 for MoS2/Ti " soft " coating cutting tool, MoS2 " soft " when coating cutting tool and workpiece of 34CrNiMo6 of milling of blame coating cutting tool, every cutting tool but the workpiece material bulk of milling, among them, fz=0.
1mm/r, a P=1.
5mm. Visible, moS2/Ti " soft " the life outclass MoS2 of coating cutting tool " soft " coating cutting tool and blame coating cutting tool. Graph 2 cutting tool but the material bulk that iron cuts pursues contrast of wear extent of face of the knife after 3 cutting tool pursues 3 for WC/Co/MoS2 " soft " when coating cutting tool and cutting tool of WC/Co hard alloy process 302 stainless steel, wear extent of face of the knife after cutting tool is comparative, among them, v=103 ～ 180m/min, f=0.
1mm/r, ap=0.
25mm. Visible, when 1800m of cutting of cutting tool of WC/Co hard alloy, VB achieves wear extent of face of the knife after cutting tool 0.
32mm, and WC/Co/MoS2 " soft " when 4000m of cutting of coating cutting tool, VB has wear extent of face of the knife after cutting tool only 0.
3mm. Express the 2 a few use effects that are cutting tool of a few soft coating. Express 2 " soft " the result of test of condition of experiment of use effect cutting tool of coating cutting tool not coating hard alloy but MoS2 of dislocation face milling cutter " soft " the hard alloy of coating but alloy of Al- Cu-Mg of dislocation face milling cutter " soft " the productivity of coating milling cutter can be compared not the milling cutter of Xu layer rises 3 times not have, tiAlN coating tap can machine 1000 aperture, and MoS2 " soft " coating tap can machine 4000 screw only coat (TiCN/MoS2/Ti of milling cutter of TiCN) hard alloy " soft " V=150m/min of milling cutter of coating hard alloy, f=0.
04mm/r, ap=4mm, workpiece: Force of cutting of milling cutter of soft coating of AlSi304 stainless steel is reduced apparently, treatment surface quality raises TiCN/MoS2/Ti of common high-speed steel significantly " soft " V=6000r/min of broach of coating high-speed steel, workpiece: AlSi15 silicon aluminium alloy " soft " coating broach bore 938 hind do not have any wearing away, broach of common high-speed steel can get TiCN/MoS2/Ti of broach of high-speed steel of coating of 100 Kong Wei only " soft " V=2200r/min of broach of coating high-speed steel, workpiece: Ti6Al4V alloy " soft " of coating broach auger cut force to compare not coating broach is reduced make an appointment with 33% , auger cut function remarkable excel not coating broach not Si3N4/MoS2 of coating Si3N4 cutting tool " soft " coating cutting tool not Ti(CN)/MoS2 of coating Ti(CN) cutting tool " soft " ～ of V=103 of coating cutting tool 180m/min, f=0.
1mm/r, ap=0.
25mm, workpiece: 1045 carbon steel " soft " life of Xu layer cutting tool is compared not coating cutting tool raises 50% above 4 epilogue are domestic and international " hard " technology of coating cutting tool is mature with each passing day, its application is already special and wide. And " soft " technology of coating cutting tool just starts in abroad, and home still reports without the research of this respect. "Soft " the research development of coating cutting tool developed new approach to improve cutting tool performance, the design that is new-style coating cutting tool provided new thinking and new research field. "Soft " applicable of coating cutting tool at doing cutting, to preventing felt, reduce attrition, reduce wear away, improve cutting tool life, reduce finished cost to wait have great theory and real sense, have wide application perspective. CNC Milling
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